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Capacidades

Una capacidad es la definición de una interfaz remota. Ayuda a WebdriverIO a comprender en qué navegador o entorno móvil le gusta ejecutar sus pruebas. Las capacidades son menos cruciales a la hora de desarrollar pruebas localmente a medida que se ejecuta en una interfaz remota la mayoría de las veces, pero se hace más importante cuando se ejecuta un amplio conjunto de pruebas de integración en CI/Cd.

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El formato de un objeto de capacidad está bien definido por la especificación WebDriver. El testrunner de WebdriverIO fallará temprano si las capacidades definidas por el usuario no se adhieren a esa especificación.

Características personalizadas​

While the amount of fixed defined capabilities is very low, everyone can provide and accept custom capabilities that are specific to the automation driver or remote interface:

Extensiones de Capacidad Específica del Explorador​

  • goog:chromeOptions: extensiones de Chromedriver , solo aplicables para pruebas en Chrome
  • moz:firefoxOptions: extensiones de Geckodriver solo aplicables para pruebas en Firefox
  • ms:edgeOptions: EdgeOptions para especificar el entorno cuando se usa EdgeDriver para probar Chromium Edge

Extensiones de capacidad del vendedor en la nube​

Extensiones de capacidad de Motor de Automatización​

WebdriverIO Capabilities to manage browser driver options​

WebdriverIO manages installing and running browser driver for you. WebdriverIO uses a custom capability that allows you to pass in parameters to the driver.

wdio:chromedriverOptions​

Specific options passed into Chromedriver when starting it.

wdio:geckodriverOptions​

Specific options passed into Geckodriver when starting it.

wdio:edgedriverOptions​

Specific options passed into Edgedriver when starting it.

wdio:safaridriverOptions​

Specific options passed into Safari when starting it.

wdio:maxInstances​

Maximum number of total parallel running workers for the specific browser/capability. Takes precedence over maxInstances and maxInstancesPerCapability.

Type: number

wdio:specs​

Define specs for test execution for that browser/capability. Same as the regular specs configuration option, but specific to the browser/capability. Takes precedence over specs.

Type: (String | String[])[]

wdio:exclude​

Exclude specs from test execution for that browser/capability. Same as the regular exclude configuration option, but specific to the browser/capability. Takes precedence over exclude.

Type: String[]

wdio:enforceWebDriverClassic​

By default, WebdriverIO attempts to establish a WebDriver Bidi session. If you don't prefer that, you can set this flag to disable this behavior.

Type: boolean

Common Driver Options​

While all driver offer different parameters for configuration, there are some common ones that WebdriverIO understand and uses for setting up your driver or browser:

cacheDir​

The path to the root of the cache directory. This directory is used to store all drivers that are downloaded when attempting to start a session.

Type: string
Default: process.env.WEBDRIVER_CACHE_DIR || os.tmpdir()

binary​

Path to a custom driver binary. If set WebdriverIO won't attempt to download a driver but will use the one provided by this path. Make sure the driver is compatible with the browser you are using.

You can provide this path via CHROMEDRIVER_PATH, GECKODRIVER_PATH or EDGEDRIVER_PATH environment variables.

Type: string

¡Atención!

If the driver binary is set, WebdriverIO won't attempt to download a driver but will use the one provided by this path. Make sure the driver is compatible with the browser you are using.

Browser Specific Driver Options​

In order to propagate options to the driver you can use the following custom capabilities:

  • Chrome or Chromium: wdio:chromedriverOptions
  • Firefox: wdio:geckodriverOptions
  • Microsoft Egde: wdio:edgedriverOptions
  • Safari: wdio:safaridriverOptions
adbPort​

The port on which the ADB driver should run.

Example: 9515

Type: number

urlBase​

Base URL path prefix for commands, e.g. wd/url.

Example: /

Type: string

logPath​

Write server log to file instead of stderr, increases log level to INFO

Type: string

logLevel​

Set log level. Possible options ALL, DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, SEVERE, OFF.

Type: string

verbose​

Log verbosely (equivalent to --log-level=ALL)

Type: boolean

silent​

Log nothing (equivalent to --log-level=OFF)

Type: boolean

appendLog​

Append log file instead of rewriting.

Type: boolean

replayable​

Log verbosely and don't truncate long strings so that the log can be replayed (experimental).

Type: boolean

readableTimestamp​

Add readable timestamps to log.

Type: boolean

enableChromeLogs​

Show logs from the browser (overrides other logging options).

Type: boolean

bidiMapperPath​

Custom bidi mapper path.

Type: string

allowedIps​

Comma-separated allowlist of remote IP addresses which are allowed to connect to EdgeDriver.

Type: string[]
Default: ['']

allowedOrigins​

Comma-separated allowlist of request origins which are allowed to connect to EdgeDriver. Using * to allow any host origin is dangerous!

Type: string[]
Default: ['*']

spawnOpts​

Options to be passed into the driver process.

Type: SpawnOptionsWithoutStdio | SpawnOptionsWithStdioTuple<StdioOption, StdioOption, StdioOption>
Default: undefined

Capacidades especiales para Casos de Uso Específico​

Esta es una lista de ejemplos que muestran qué capacidades se deben aplicar para lograr un caso de uso concreto.

Ejecutar navegador remotamente​

Ejecutar un navegador remotamente significa ejecutar una instancia del navegador sin ventana o IU. Esto se usa principalmente en entornos CI/CD en los que no se usa ninguna pantalla. Para ejecutar un navegador en modo remoto, aplique las siguientes capacidades:

{
    browserName: 'chrome',    // or 'chromium'
    'goog:chromeOptions': {
        args: ['headless', 'disable-gpu']
    }
}

Automate Different Browser Channels​

If you like to test a browser version that is not yet released as stable, e.g. Chrome Canary, you can do so by setting capabilities and pointing to the browser you like to start, e.g.:

When testing on Chrome, WebdriverIO will automatically download the desired browser version and driver for you based on the defined browserVersion, e.g.:

{
    browserName: 'chrome', // or 'chromium'
    browserVersion: '116' // or '116.0.5845.96', 'stable', 'dev', 'canary', 'beta' or 'latest' (same as 'canary')
}

If you like to test a manually downloaded browser, you can provide a binary path to the browser via:

{
    browserName: 'chrome',  // or 'chromium'
    'goog:chromeOptions': {
        binary: '/Applications/Google\ Chrome\ Canary.app/Contents/MacOS/Google\ Chrome\ Canary'
    }
}

Additionally, if you like to use a manually downloaded driver, you can provide a binary path to the driver via:

{
    browserName: 'chrome', // or 'chromium'
    'wdio:chromedriverOptions': {
        binary: '/path/to/chromdriver'
    }
}

Extend Custom Capabilities​

If you like to define your own set of capabilities in order to e.g. store arbitrary data to be used within the tests for that specific capability, you can do so by e.g. setting:

export const config = {
    // ...
    capabilities: [{
        browserName: 'chrome',
        'custom:caps': {
            // custom configurations
        }
    }]
}

It is advised to follow the W3C protocol when it comes to capability naming which requires a : (colon) character, denoting an implementation specific namespace. Within your tests you can access your custom capability through, e.g.:

browser.capabilities['custom:caps']

In order to ensure type safety you can extend WebdriverIOs capability interface via:

declare global {
    namespace WebdriverIO {
        interface Capabilities {
            'custom:caps': {
                // ...
            }
        }
    }
}

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